Prevalence of erectile dysfunction among Egyptian male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The relation between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and erectile dysfunction (ED) has been identified in multiple studies. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence and to determine some associated factors of ED among a sample of adult Egyptian male patients with T2DM. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 150 adult male patients with T2DM (aged 40-60 years) who attended the outpatient clinic of Diabetes in Alexandria Main University hospital. They were evaluated for the presence of ED which was assessed by the validated Arabic-translated five-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, total serum cholesterol, HDL-C, total serum testosterone (TT) and urinary albumin creatinine ratio (uACR) were measured for all study subjects. RESULTS: The prevalence of ED was 80% among the studied sample. Significant negative correlation was found between IIEF-5 score and age, duration of diabetes, FBG and urinary ACR; while there was a significant positive correlation between IIEF-5 score and serum total testosterone. On performing multiple linear regression analysis for the parameters affecting IIEF-5 questionnaire score, TT, urinary ACR, age and FBG were the independent predictors of ED. CONCLUSION: ED was a common finding in our sample of Egyptian men with T2DM. Poor glycemic control and albuminuria may be considered as independent risk factors for ED.

Global sperm DNA methylation and intra cytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes.

Routine semen analysis is a poor predictor of pregnancy rates after intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). There is an assumption that embryos' quality and fertilization rates could be influenced by epigenetic factors. We aimed at comparing global sperm DNA methylation level (GSDML) between normal and abnormal semen, investigating its relationship with sperm parameters and assessing its effect on ICSI outcomes; fertilization, good embryo and pregnancy rates. Ejaculates were obtained from 104 infertile and 60 fertile males undergoing ICSI at Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS software package, 20. Inter-group differences in semen parameters were assessed by t-test. GSDML, measured by ELISA, showed significant positive correlation with sperm count, concentration and motility. It correlated positively but insignificantly with morphology and fertilization rate. High levels were significantly associated with embryos having good quality and positive pregnancy rates. GSDML could predict good embryo rate and pregnancy occurrence after ICSI.